This summer, more turtles will be crossing roadways to find a place to nest. Here’s how you can lend a helping hand:
Turtles that are crossing roads should not be removed from the area, as they will seek to return to their home range, even if it means spending the rest of their life trying. If it is safe to do so, you can move turtles off the roadway in the same direction they were already heading. Move them by grasping the back of the top shell.
If you see a snapping turtle trying to cross the road, be aware that grabbing a snapping turtle’s tail can damage its spine. Instead, snapping turtles can be held by the top of the back of their shell and leveraged upward to handle them safely for both parties.
Turtles DO NOT make good pets!
• Turtles require time and money for proper care, and some species can live up to 50 years or more.
• Pet turtles do not like to be held and are loners; therefore, they can become boring pets for children. Without this special light, many health issues arise such as metabolic bone disease.
• It is very important to know what kind of species you want and the care it needs before you acquire a pet turtle. Many need special food and tanks.
◦ Each species has different feeding requirements, with some being strictly carnivores or herbivores. Northern map turtles, for example, have restricted diets that must include snails, aquatic insects and crayfish. Some species of aquatic turtles, such as the red-eared slider, northern map turtle, and softshells, grow up to 12 inches long, requiring a large tank for swimming and basking.
• Land turtles need a large pen, with sufficient substrate, properly sized water bowl, and a hide area, as well as heat. Some require more humidity than others.
• If you no longer want your pet turtle, you cannot release into the wild because it is not likely to survive.
◦ It will have to find its own food, deal with the elements and deal with predators.
◦ These once-captive turtles are also likely to transmit diseases to wild turtle populations.
• Turtles can carry salmonella bacteria.
◦ The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that children, pregnant women, and persons with compromised immune systems avoid contact with reptiles to avoid getting salmonella.
◦ The DNR does not encourage the keeping of turtles as pets, but does allow it if the native turtle species is obtained legally with a hunting or fishing license.
It is illegal to sell wild turtles
Many native, wild-caught turtles are still sold as pets, even though this practice is illegal in Indiana. The collection of wild turtles has caused many species to become endangered, especially when combined with habitat loss, water pollution and predators. Predators such as raccoons eat a large number of turtle eggs each year, and some turtle species do not even breed until they are several years old, meaning that it can take many years for a population to become established.
You can help protect Indiana’s turtles by helping to preserve turtle habitat, especially wetlands, through local conservation organizations or the Indiana Nongame Wildlife Fund.
Indiana’s native species of turtles.
All native species of turtles that were taken from the wild or are listed as an endangered species CANNOT be sold in Indiana.
• Alligator snapping turtle (endangered)
• Eastern box turtle (special concern, protected)
• Blanding’s turtle (endangered)
• Eastern mud turtle (endangered)
• Eastern musk turtle
• False map turtle (special concern)
• Northern map turtle
• Ornate box turtle (endangered)
• Ouachita map turtle
• Red-eared slider
• River cooter (endangered)
• Smooth softshell turtle
• Snapping turtle
• Spiny softshell turtle
• Spotted turtle (endangered)
Additional Information on turtles:
• Reptile and amphibian regulations
• Bag limits and season dates
• Eastern box turtle Information
• Buy a hunting or fishing license
The MFA Oil Foundation has awarded a grant to the Southern Indiana Junior Rodeo to assist with purchasing livestock panels. The MFA Oil Foundation provides support to nonprofit organizations that are working to improve communities where MFA Oil has a significant concentration of members and employees. Since it was established in 1998, the foundation has awarded more than three million dollars in grants.
MFA Oil Senior Director of Employee Engagement and Culture Tom May described the MFA Oil Foundation as “a program that allows our company to give support back to the rural communities that are the foundation of our business. The grants the Foundation awards help support many youth programs and organizations active in addressing and solving community problems and improving the quality of life.”
There will be a blood drive this Friday at the Washington County Family YMCA, 1-6 p.m. The YMCA is located at 1709 North Shelby St., Salem. Everyone is encouraged to attend this event, which might actually save a person's life.
Every two seconds someone in the U.S. needs blood. It is essential for surgeries, cancer treatment, chronic illnesses, and traumatic injuries. Whether a patient receives whole blood, red cells, platelets or plasma, this lifesaving care starts with one person making a generous donation.
Blood Supply Statistics
The Red Cross provides about 40% of our nation’s blood and blood components, all from generous volunteer donors. But supply can’t always meet demand because only about 3% of age-eligible people donate blood yearly. Each new donor helps us meet patient needs.
• Each year, an estimated 6.8 million people in the U.S. donate blood.
• 13.6 million units of whole blood and red blood cells are collected in the U.S. in a year.
• About 45% of people in the U.S. have Group O (positive or negative) blood; the proportion is higher among Hispanics (57%) and African Americans (51%).
• Type O negative red cells can be given to patients of all blood types. Because only 7% of people in the U.S. are type O negative, it’s always in great demand and often in short supply.
• Type AB plasma can be transfused to patients of all blood types. Since only 4% of people in the U.S. have type AB blood, this plasma is usually in short supply.
• Red blood cells must be used within 42 days (or less).
• Platelets must be used within just 5 days.
•
Facts About Blood Needs
• Every 2 seconds someone in the U.S. needs blood and or platelets.
• Approximately 29,000 units of red blood cells are needed every day in the U. S.
• Nearly 5,000 units of platelets and 6.500 units of plasma are needed daily in the U.S.
• Nearly 16 million blood components are transfused each year in the U.S.
• Sickle cell disease affects 90,000 to 100,000 people in the U.S. About 1,000 babies are born with the disease each year. Sickle cell patients can require blood transfusions throughout their lives.
• The average red blood cell transfusion is approximately 3 units.
• A single car accident victim can require as many as 100 units of blood.
• Blood and platelets cannot be manufactured; they can only come from volunteer donors.
• The blood type most often requested by hospitals is type O.
• One donation can help save more than one life.
• According to the American Cancer Society, more than 1.9 million people are expected to be diagnosed with cancer in 2023. Many of them will need blood, sometimes daily, during their chemotherapy treatment.
Other blood drives this June in Washington County:
Monday, June 17, First Baptist Church of Salem, 205 N. High Street, 1-6 p.m.
Monday, June 24, Southern Hills Church, 1645 State Road 135, Salem, 1-6 p.m.
By Madelyn Moore, Staff Writer
Overwhelming fear wraps its tendrils tightly around you. You focus on your breathing. In and out. Yet regardless of your horrible encounter with fear, there is laughter all around you.
Irrational fears are incredibly difficult to face, as most people are simply laughed at for their odd fear. These fears are more common than realized, as students at Salem High School were quick to admit.
Carolyn Casey, a senior at SHS, has found that her most irrational fear is worms.
“I was walking outside right after a flash flood barefoot, and I stepped on something really squishy, and I looked down and saw hundreds of worms scattered around my driveway,” Casey said.
Since then, Casey has attempted a form of exposure therapy with no positive outcome, and has accepted that her fear has wormed its way into her frontal lobe for life.
She admitted that most people think her fear is unusual or even sad, but also justified.
Sophomore Flora Wade is terrified of high school bathrooms.
She said there are usually too many people in the restroom, who are not even utilizing it correctly. She said that often she notices people do not wash their hands.
“It just freaks me out, and I know there are worse things in the world to be scared of, but it makes me nervous,” Wade said.
Assistant Principal Jerry Hickey has always had a phobia of frogs and, oddly, his sister does as well.
“I am not really sure how it developed,” he said. “I haven’t tried to fight it, but do my best to stay away from frogs.”
Hickey added that most people think that his fear is crazy and that no one should be afraid of frogs.
Although irrational fears seem silly or even unexplainable, their presence has more meaning than most suspect.
Todd Alexander, the psychology teacher at SHS, said, ”I would maybe rename the term ‘irrational fears’ to be called phobias or ‘specific phobias.’”
Ellen Kelley, a licensed clinical social worker for 25 years, better explained irrational fears or phobias, and their process of development.
“There are three origins and sometimes the fear is from multiple origins,” Kelley said.
First, she explained past trauma (trauma while the brain was developing). This trauma can change the makeup of the brain and cause it to function differently.
Second, Kelley broke down that any kind of chemical change in the brain can cause fear reactions. This includes illegal or prescribed drugs, a physical illness (such as cancer, a small or large stroke, high blood pressure) and even something as seemingly simple as too much caffeine, or not enough water or sleep.
“Thirdly it can seem ‘irrational,’ but it is really kind of rational,” Kelley said. “For example, during the pandemic and quarantine, our brains were trying to protect us by making us feel cautious. And sometimes this caution went too far, like the panic attacks I had in the grocery store when I saw empty shelves.”
Alexander added that phobias could develop from a multitude of sources, but he believes that they mostly develop due to behavioral experiences in one's environment during their developmental years.
“For instance, a child who has a flashbulb memory of the moment he was being chased by a seemingly vicious dog may have developed and generalized into a phobia of all dogs,” Alexander said.
He described that phobias could also be socially learned through observation. “For instance, the phobia of public speaking may develop due to widespread concerns/worries/nerves associated with others who have had bad experiences when giving speeches in front of large audiences,” Alexander said.
Kelley explained that if you can identify which type of fear it is, you can work on it.
“If it is trauma, see a therapist who specializes in trauma,” Kelley said. “There are daily new and incredibly effective trauma treatments, such as EMDR or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.”
Alexander said that phobias can be unlearned.
“There is a process called deconditioning or systematic desensitization,” Alexander said. “Ideally, the person would gradually be exposed to what causes them highented fear/anxiety and along the way including deep breathing/relaxation techniques and rationalized questioning/thinking such that the person eventually unlearns the fear.”
Kelley also encouraged getting a good, thorough check-up from your primary care physician, and having them look for physical explanations including drug interactions.
“Make sure you are living a healthy life: eating well, getting enough sleep, and exercising,” Kelley said. “Recent studies show that exercise can be as effective as medication to treat anxiety and depression.”
She acknowledged that when you are having irrational fears, the last thing you want to do is exercise.
“But find exercise that is somewhat fun: a walk in the woods, dancing in the living room to your favorite music,” Kelley said.
She added that taking care of your mental health is just like taking care of your physical health, and can help prevent irrational fears from taking over your life. Although the fear may never be completely eliminated, the goal is to not allow them to consume your life.
“Deal with your childhood stuff in therapy early,” Kelly said. “Journal, journal, journal. The act of writing it down with a pen and paper, not a computer, can actually help heal the brain. It is almost magical.”
She said that of course it is also important to get enough sleep, eat well, and control levels of caffeine, sugar and exercise.
In addition, Kelley explained that it is difficult to know how common irrational fears truly are.
“Many people keep their fears hidden and it is hard to count them,” Kelley said. “One time while I was helping support families whose houses had flooded, I met a man who had not left his house for 25 years. We were able to get him some help. But 25 years of an untreated irrational fear is harder to treat than one that has been happening for months or even a few years.”
About 10% of people in the US have a major mental illness, Kelley explained, but only about 3% to 4% have life debilitating irrational fears.
“Most people have a fear that seems irrational like a fear of spiders, clowns, or flying, but usually the fear doesn’t interfere with life,” Kelley said. “A fear of clowns, for example, is debilitating only if you work in the circus.”
Alexander added that phobias are likely to be very situational and the person would likely do what they can to avoid the situations that cause them the most distress.
“I have a cousin for example that is deathly afraid of sharks, which she attributes to having been scared of them since seeing the Jaws movies as a child,” Alexander said. “She will not ever step foot in any coastal/ocean waters and never wants to ever go to a beach - but she lives her life just fine otherwise, and even has an above ground pool in her backyard that she swims in during the summers.”
There are several "odd" fears that may make you think "What? Do people actually have that kind of fear?"
The first one that came to Alexander’s mind is called triskaidekaphobia which is "fear of the number 13."
Another is arachibutyrophobia, or the fear of having peanut butter stick to the roof of your mouth.
“When I was your all's age, I had experienced like three or four car accidents by the time I was 18- two of which were very bad accidents,” Alexander said.
One of those wrecks, he still experiences flashbacks of the moment the wreck happened.
“I still experience some residual ‘cringe’ feelings whenever I drive or am driving as a passenger, but I manage those moments and don't let those nervous moments prevent me from going places or driving,” Alexander said. “Also, if anything, those experiences have made me a more conscious and careful driver.”
SalemLeader.com
Leader Publishing Company of Salem, Inc.
P.O. Box 506
117-119 East Walnut Street
Salem, Indiana. 47167
Phone: 812-883-3281 | Fax: 812-883-4446
Business Hours:
Mondays through Fridays, 9:00am - 5:00pm
News:
news@salemleader.com
Office:
office@salemleader.com
Publisher:
publisher@salemleader.com
Business
- More Business News
- Go To Guide
- Business Directory
- Real Estate
- Auctions
Education
- More Education News
Opinion
- Editorials
- Letters to the Editor
- Columns
- Unsung Heroes
- Days Gone By
- In the Garden
- Guest Columns
- Reader's Poll
- Salem Leader Forum
- Questions and Answers
Church
- Bible Aerobics
- Church News
- Church Directory